Gulf Arab countries must end their sponsorship system for migrant workers that leaves labourers beholden to employers and exposed to potential abuse, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights said on Monday.
In a speech at Saudi Arabia’s first mixed gender university in Jeddah, Navanethem Pillay said: “Reports concerning this region consistently cite ongoing practices of unlawful confiscation of passports, withholding of wages and exploitation by unscrupulous recruitment agencies and employers.”
She added:”Some are held in prolonged detention after they escape abusive employers and may be unable to obtain access to judicial recourse and effective remedies for their plight.”
The world’s largest oil exporting region has attracted tens of millions of mostly blue collar migrants from Asian countries, many of whom work in construction or as domestic maids.
Under the sponsorship systems in place in much of the Gulf, nationals or companies can hire large numbers of migrant workers who are dependent on their employers for food and shelter.
Many workers complain that agencies or employers confiscate their passports for the duration of their contracts, do not pay them regularly or deduct housing or health costs from their pay.
Some Gulf countries such as Bahrain are scrapping the sponsorship, or kafala, system, while others such as Kuwait are overhauling labour laws or introducing a minimum wage to improve the conditions for millions of foreign workers.
But the world’s top oil exporter Saudi Arabia, where expatriate workers comprise 7 million of the 25 million-strong population, has yet to make such reforms as diplomats say there is resistance among businesses who benefit from the system.
Pillay said she welcomed plans by some Gulf countries to reform the kafala system, but urged others to follow suit.
In a draft copy of her speech, which was emailed to the media, Pillay said: “I wholeheartedly support those efforts and call on other states to replace the kafala system with updated labour laws that can better balance rights and duties.”
Saudi Arabia rarely draws criticism from its Western allies as the country is vital to global oil supplies, holds billions in dollar-based assets and is a key political partner in the volatile Middle East region. (Reuters)
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